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Green energy is a term used by some environmentalists to
describe what they deem to be environmentally friendly sources
of power and energy. In particular green energy must be renewable
and non-polluting.
Green energy includes natural enegetic processes which can
be harnessed with little pollution. Geothermal power, wind
power, small-scale hydropower, solar power, biomass power,
tidal power and wave power fall under such a category. Some
versions may also include power derived from the incineration
of waste.
Somewhat controversial is nuclear energy's claim to be green.
It is possibly sustainable, arguably renewable and produces
virtually no atmospheric pollution during the energy production
stage. However nuclear waste is a pollutant, as well as the
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases generated by the
large amount of energy required by transport, mining and pre-
and post-production. One advocate of nuclear is ex-Greenpeace
organizer Patrick Moore [1], although Greenpeace itself does
not support the use of Nuclear energy.
For green energy to be truly "ecological electricity"
it must not include medium or large-scale hydroelectric power
or sources of air pollution such as burning biomatter or petroleum,
as these still damage the world environment on a large scale.
In several countries, current electricity retailing arrangements
make it possible for consumers to buy green electricity, either
by purchasing their electricity from a generating company
that uses only renewable technologies, or by buying from a
general supplier who undertakes to buy at least as much power
from renewable sources as their "green" customers
purchase. Generally green electricity commands a price premium
compared with standard supplies. Obviously this option is
only available where common carrier arrangements have been
put in place to allow competitive supply of power.
Renewable energy certificates, or green tags, are currently
the most convenient way for consumers and businesses to support
"green power". Over 35 million homes in Europe,
and 1 million in the United States, are purchasing green tags.
No power source is impact-free. For instance, concerns are
raised over bird kills and in some cases noise pollution by
windmills and over heavy metal use and associated mining damage
by raw materials used for constructing solar cells.
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